It has 6 main functions:

1. Secretes sebum which is produced by the sebaceous glands which lubricate the skin and hair. Combined with sweat it forms the protective ‘Acid Mantle’

2. Regulation of body temperature – Helps to maintain our body temperature at 37 degrees centigrade and cool down when overheated

3. Helps absorption of particles below a certain size eg: patches with drugs or hormones

4. Protects against knocks and blows, harmful chemicals, UV rays, bacteria

5. Excretes waste products through perspiring

6. Helps with sensation of hot, cold, pain, touch and pressure

The skin is divided into 3 layers, the Epidermis, Dermis and Subcutaneous layer. It also consists of many different elements, which include cells, sweat glands, oil glands, nerves, blood vessels and hair follicles. In addition to these, the skin contains cells that are responsible for producing melanin. Melanin, as you may know, gives the skin its colour, even the uneven dark spots that concern so many people.

The purpose of the acid mantle is to inhibit the growth of bacteria and prevent the entry of unwanted substances. The pH scale is measured on a scale of 0-14, with 7 being neutral. The lower the number, the higher the acidity.

The normal pH of white skin is 4.5 to 6.0, but due to using harsh detergents or soaps that are extremely alkali, our acid mantle is often destroyed causing many skin problems, such as sensitivity, dryness etc. Also excessive moisture loss and dehydration can occur.